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Herbicide Resistant Weeds in South Australia, Australia.

#	ResistID		Year	Species	Country	StateName	State	MOAs	Site of Action	Actives	Contacts
1	389	Rigid Ryegrass	1982	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia	SA	ACCase inhibitors (A/1), ALS inhibitors (B/2), DOXP inhibitors (F4/13), Lipid Inhibitors (N/8), Long chain fatty acid inhibitors (K3/15), Microtubule inhibitors (K1/3), Mitosis inhibitors (K2/23)	Multiple Resistance: 7 Sites of Action ACCase inhibitors (A/1) ALS inhibitors (B/2) DOXP inhibitors (F4/13) Lipid Inhibitors (N/8) Long chain fatty acid inhibitors (K3/15) Microtubule inhibitors (K1/3) Mitosis inhibitors (K2/23)	chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, clomazone, diclofop-methyl, ethalfluralin, fluazifop-P-butyl, imazapyr, metolachlor, metsulfuron-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim, triallate, triasulfuron, trifluralin	Christopher Preston
2	398	Rigid Ryegrass	1984	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia	SA	Long chain fatty acid inhibitors (K3/15)	Long chain fatty acid inhibitors (K3/15)	metolachlor	Stephen Powles
3	20	Wild Oat	1988	Avena fatua Wild Oat	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, tralkoxydim	Christopher Preston
4	21	Sterile Oat	1989	Avena sterilis Sterile Oat	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, sethoxydim	Christopher Preston, Andrew Storrie
5	24	Oriental Mustard	1990	Sisymbrium orientale Oriental Mustard	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia	SA	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron, imazethapyr, metosulam, metsulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron	Christopher Preston
6	5031	Smooth Barley	1990	Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum Smooth Barley	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	diquat, paraquat	Christopher Preston
7	16	Large Crabgrass	1993	Digitaria sanguinalis Large Crabgrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ACCase inhibitors (A/1), ALS inhibitors (B/2)	Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action ACCase inhibitors (A/1) ALS inhibitors (B/2)	fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, imazethapyr	Christopher Preston
8	26	Prickly Lettuce	1994	Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron, flumetsulam, metosulam, metsulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron	Christopher Preston
9	5226	Rigid Ryegrass	1994	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Microtubule inhibitors (K1/3)	Microtubule inhibitors (K1/3)	trifluralin	Christopher Preston
10	5202	African Mustard	1996	Brassica tournefortii African Mustard	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron, imazamox, imazapyr, sulfometuron-methyl	Christopher Preston
11	1143	Hare Barley	1996	Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum Hare Barley	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia	South Australia	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-etotyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl	Christopher Preston
12	1136	Patersons Curse	1997	Echium plantagineum Patersons Curse	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia	South Australia	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron, metosulam	Christopher Preston, Abul Hashem, David Bowran
13	5034	Wild Radish	1998	Raphanus raphanistrum Wild Radish	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, metosulam	Christopher Preston, Abul Hashem
14	5188	Rigid Ryegrass	1999	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	glyphosate	Christopher Preston
15	5095	Smooth Barley	2000	Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum Smooth Barley	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia	South Australia	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	fluazifop-P-butyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl	Christopher Preston
16	5203	Hare Barley	2001	Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum Hare Barley	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	paraquat	Christopher Preston
17	5219	Perennial Wallrocket	2004	Diplotaxis tenuifolia Perennial Wallrocket	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron, triasulfuron	Christopher Preston
18	5241	Calomba daisy	2004	Pentzia suffruticosa Calomba daisy	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	metsulfuron-methyl	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
19	5252	Sterile oat	2005	Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana Sterile oat	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
20	5255	Crystalline Iceplant	2005	Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Crystalline Iceplant	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron	Christopher Preston
21	5270	Oriental Mustard	2005	Sisymbrium orientale Oriental Mustard	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2), Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action ALS inhibitors (B/2) Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	2,4-D, imazethapyr, MCPA, metosulam, metsulfuron-methyl	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
22	5364	Wild Radish	2006	Raphanus raphanistrum Wild Radish	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2), Carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitors (F1/12), Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action ALS inhibitors (B/2) Carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitors (F1/12) Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	2,4-D, diflufenican, MCPA, triasulfuron	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
23	5298	Rigid Brome	2007	Bromus diandrus ssp. rigidus (=B. rigidus) Rigid Brome	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	ACCase inhibitors (A/1)	clethodim, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, tepraloxydim	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
24	5515	Rigid Ryegrass	2008	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Carotenoid biosynthesis (unknown target) (F3/11), EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action Carotenoid biosynthesis (unknown target) (F3/11) EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	amitrole, glyphosate	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
25	5489	Rigid Ryegrass	2010	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ACCase inhibitors (A/1), PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action ACCase inhibitors (A/1) PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	clethodim, paraquat	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
26	5510	Rigid Ryegrass	2010	Lolium rigidum Rigid Ryegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ACCase inhibitors (A/1), ALS inhibitors (B/2), EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9), Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5), PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	Multiple Resistance: 5 Sites of Action ACCase inhibitors (A/1) ALS inhibitors (B/2) EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9) Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5) PSI Electron Diverter (D/22)	atrazine, chlorsulfuron, clethodim, glyphosate, haloxyfop-methyl, imazapyr, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, paraquat	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
27	5579	Rigid Brome	2011	Bromus diandrus ssp. rigidus (=B. rigidus) Rigid Brome	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	mesosulfuron-methyl, pyroxsulam	Peter Boutsalis
28	5580	Ripgut Brome	2011	Bromus diandrus Ripgut Brome	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	mesosulfuron-methyl, pyroxsulam	Peter Boutsalis
29	5597	Ripgut Brome	2011	Bromus diandrus Ripgut Brome	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	glyphosate	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
30	5605	Hairy Fleabane	2011	Conyza bonariensis Hairy Fleabane	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	glyphosate	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
31	7837	Threehorn Bedstraw	2012	Galium tricornutum Threehorn Bedstraw	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	imazamox, imazapyr, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, pyroxsulam	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
32	10988	Annual Sowthistle	2015	Sonchus oleraceus Annual Sowthistle	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	2,4-D	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
33	10989	Annual Sowthistle	2015	Sonchus oleraceus Annual Sowthistle	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	chlorsulfuron	Christopher Preston, Peter Boutsalis
34	11028	Feather Fingergrass	2015	Chloris virgata Feather Fingergrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	glyphosate	Christopher Preston
35	15055	Capeweed	2015	Arctotheca calendula Capeweed	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	Synthetic Auxins (O/4)	2,4-D	Christopher Preston
36	17118	Smooth Barley	2016	Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum Smooth Barley	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	glyphosate	Christopher Preston
37	16084	Annual Bluegrass	2017	Poa annua Annual Bluegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	EPSP synthase inhibitors (G/9)	glyphosate	Peter Boutsalis
38	16085	Annual Bluegrass	2017	Poa annua Annual Bluegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)	Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)	simazine	Peter Boutsalis
39	16086	Annual Bluegrass	2017	Poa annua Annual Bluegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Unknown (Z/27)	Unknown (Z/27)	endothall	Peter Boutsalis
40	16087	Annual Bluegrass	2017	Poa annua Annual Bluegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		Microtubule inhibitors (K1/3)	Microtubule inhibitors (K1/3)	propyzamide = pronamide	Peter Boutsalis
41	16088	Annual Bluegrass	2017	Poa annua Annual Bluegrass	Australia (South Australia)	South Australia		ALS inhibitors (B/2)	ALS inhibitors (B/2)	bispyribac-sodium, foramsulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, rimsulfuron	Peter Boutsalis

Contributing Weed Scientists

Rajesh Barua

The University of Adelaide
PhD Student
Weed Science Group
Unit 7, 51 L'Estrange Street
Glenside, Adelaide South Australia 5065
Australia
Email: rajesh.barua@adelaide.edu.au
URL: Website

Peter Boutsalis

University Of Adelaide / Plant Science Consulting
Postdoctural Fellow/ Consultant
Plant And Pest Science
800 N Lindbergh Blvd, 02G
Adelaide South Australia 5064
Australia
Email: peter.boutsalis@adelaide.edu.au

Gurgeet Gill

University Of Adelaide
Department Of Agronomy And Farming Systems
Crop, Soil,& Environmental Sciences, 1366 W. Altheimer Dr,
Roseworthy South Australia 5371
Australia
Email: gurjeet.gill@adelaide.edu.au

Rick Llewellyn

Csiro
Research Scientist
Sustainable Ecosystems
3045 Buena Vida Cir Unit E110
Glen Osmond South Australia 5064
Australia
Email: rick.llewellyn@uwa.edu.au

Christopher Preston

University Of Adelaide - Waite Campus
Crc For Australian Weed Management And School Of Agriculture
Box 2146
Adelaide South Australia 5064
Australia
Email: christopher.preston@adelaide.edu.au

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