HRAC GROUP 1 (LEGACY A) RESISTANT PERSIAN DARNEL
(Lolium persicum)

Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

United States, Montana

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INTRODUCTION PERSIAN DARNEL Persian Darnel (Lolium persicum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Montana this weed first evolved resistance to Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides in 1993 and infests Wheat.   Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to diclofop-methyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides. The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 ) Common Name Persian Darnel Species Lolium persicum Group Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A) Herbicides diclofop-methyl Location United States, Montana Year 1993 Situation(s) Wheat Contributors - (Alphabetically) Alvin Bussan  Edit this Case  |  Add New Case of Resistance  |  Add Note

NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE GENERAL Alvin Bussan Not resistant to sethoxydim. Only resistant to the cereal selective ACCase inhibitors. Need to rotate out of cereals and use sethoxydim and quizalofop but resistance to these herbicides may soon follow. Edit this Note  |  Add New Note

ACADEMIC ASPECTS Confirmation Tests Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Persian Darnel biotype with this Persian Darnel biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.   Genetics Genetic studies on HRAC Group 1 resistant Persian Darnel have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature   Mechanism of Resistance The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.   Relative Fitness There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 1 (Legacy A) resistant Persian Darnel from Montana please update the database.   Edit Case  |  Add Note  |  Add Article  |  Add New Case  |  Help

CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS ALVIN BUSSAN Montana State University 747 Ridgemark Drive Bozeman, 59717-3120, Montana United States Email Alvin Bussan

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Montana have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Alvin Bussan for providing detailed information.

Herbicide Resistant Persian Darnel Globally (Lolium persicum) Herbicide Resistant Persian Darnel Globally (Lolium persicum) Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column Herbicide Resistant Persian Darnel Globally (Lolium persicum) # Country Country StateName FirstYear Situation Active Ingredients CountryID Site of Action WeedID Species CommonName ResistID 1 Canada (Saskatchewan) Canada Saskatchewan 2004 Spring Barley tralkoxydim 7 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A) 181 Lolium persicum Persian Darnel 5244 2 Canada (Alberta) Canada Alberta 2009 Spring Barley, and Wheat fenoxaprop-ethyl, pinoxaden, and tralkoxydim 7 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A) 181 Lolium persicum Persian Darnel 7832 3 United States (Montana) United States Montana 1993 Wheat diclofop-methyl 45 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A) 181 Lolium persicum Persian Darnel 557

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Hunter, J. H.. 1995. Control of Persian darnel (Lolium persicum) and other grasses with clethodim. Weed Technology 9 : 432 - 439.

The response of Persian darnel, green foxtail (Setaria viridis), wild oat (Avena fatua) and volunteer cereals to clethodim applied at two growth stages, and the effect of these treatments on flax yield and quality were determined in a series of field experiments near Regina, Saskatchewan, in which each weed species was evaluated separately. Clethodim applied at 45 g/ha provided excellent control of Persian darnel, green foxtail, wild oat, and volunteer wheat and barley. Sethoxydim applied at 150 g/ha provided excellent control of Persian darnel, green foxtail, wild oat and volunteer barley. Flax was tolerant at five times the recommended rate of application and was unaffected by plant growth stage at the time of application. When applied at an early (2- to 3-leaf) stage, control of Persian darnel, green foxtail, wild oat, and volunteer wheat and barley was excellent at 20 g/ha. Except for Persian darnel, weed control (as determined by reduction in plant dry weight) was negatively affected by growth stage at the time of application. Although visible control and reduction in plant dry weight were somewhat less when clethodim was applied at the 4- to 5-leaf stage, control of each weed species was acceptable. When the weight of water in plant tissue (fresh weight - dry weight) was used as a measure of living plant tissue, wild oat and volunteer barley control were unaffected by growth stage at the time of application..

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